The Processing Method Of Turning Lathe

1. Rough turning is the most economical and effective method for rough machining of outer circles. Due to the main purpose of rough cutting being to quickly remove excess metal from the blank, improving productivity is its main task.
Rough turning usually uses the maximum possible back cutting and feed rate to improve productivity. To ensure the necessary tool life, the cutting speed is usually lower. When rough turning, a larger main deviation angle should be selected for the turning tool to reduce back force and prevent bending deformation and vibration of the workpiece; Select smaller front and back angles, as well as negative blade inclination angles, to enhance the strength of the cutting part of the turning tool. The machining accuracy that rough turning can achieve is IT12~ITll, and the surface roughness Ra is 50~12.5 μ m.
The main task of precision machining is to ensure the required machining accuracy and surface quality of the parts. The surface of the precision turning outer circle is generally processed using a smaller back feed and feed rate, as well as a higher cutting speed. When processing the outer circle of large shaft parts, wide edge turning tools are often used for low-speed precision turning. When precision turning, larger front and rear angles, as well as positive tool angles, should be selected for the turning tool to improve the surface quality of the machining. Precision machining can be used as the final machining of high-precision outer circles or as a pre machining for precision machining. The machining accuracy of precision turning can reach IT8 to IT6 levels, and the surface roughness Ra can reach 1.6 to 0.8 μ m.
3. The characteristics of precision turning are: the back cutting and feed values are extremely small, and the cutting speed can reach up to 150-2000m/min. Fine cars are generally processed using superhard material cutting tools such as cubic boron nitride (CBN) and diamond. The machine tool used must also be a high-precision or precision machine tool with a spindle capable of high-speed rotation and high stiffness. The machining accuracy and surface roughness of precision turning are generally equivalent to ordinary cylindrical grinding, with a machining accuracy of IT6 or above and a surface roughness Ra of 0.4-0.005 μ m. It is commonly used for precision machining of non-ferrous metal workpieces with poor grinding performance. For workpieces such as aluminum and aluminum alloys that are prone to clogging the grinding wheel pores, precision machining is more effective. Fine turning can replace grinding when processing large precision outer circular surfaces.